Dinar

Kilwa

A small sultanate on the tiny island of Kilwa Kisiwani and the adjucent coastal region, now part of Tanzania. The coinage consists of copper fulus, though a few gold dinar were recently shown at the Ashmolean Museum. Most of the copper coins bear their inscription in the form of a rhyme couplet, a rhetorical device known as saj' in Arabic. Reign dates are from Mitchiner, The World of Islam, and should be considered highly conjectural.

ARAB-SASANIAN

Umayyed Caliphate

The Umayyad Caliphate (41–132 AH / 661–750 CE) was the first Islamic state to mint official coins, replacing Byzantine and Persian designs with purely Islamic inscriptions, reflecting the unity and identity of the Muslim world.