GREAT MONGOLS (CHINGIZID)

603 – 667 AH

Mints are noted under individual types, when appropriate. Most types were not carefully struck and are typically found with considerable weakness or wear. In general, fully struck examples are extremely uncommon and command a substantial premium (exceptions noted under individual listings). Gold dinars were struck throughout Central Asia, together with a few locations in Khorasan, Jurjan and Ghazna, with at least 25 mints attested within those regions. Silver full dirhams were struck in both eastern Khorasan (especially Ghazna, Balkh & Herat), and in the Transcaucasian regions of the northwest (especially Tiflis and Tabriz), along with half dirhams from the Transcaucasian region. Silverwashed broad copper dirhams were struck throughout Transoxiana & northeastern Khorasan, resembling late Qarakhanid copper dirhams in fabric, calligraphy, size and weight. Base metal jitals were struck only in eastern Khorasan, Sijistan and Sind, and often contain considerable amounts of lead or zinc in addition to copper.